Section snippets Covellite leaching. Covellite (CuS) is a copper sulphide mineral which contains 66% copper and it is now considered as being Cu 2 S 2 (Goh et al., 2006) with the copper existing as copper(I). It is widely associated with chalcopyrite and chalcocite which are the main primary and secondary copper sulphides, respectively …
In this study a comparison of feasibility of the pyrometallurgical and hydrometallurgical treatment of low grade (0.23%–0.35% Cu), high content chalcopyrite …
The flotation of four copper sulfide minerals (chalcopyrite, chalcocite, bornite, covellite) and pyrite with xanthates shows that a minimum in the collector concentration necessary for flotation ...
To date, chalcopyrite is the commonest examined copper ore due to its inertness and global abundance indexes. Out of between 150 and 180 global copper ores, chalcopyrite is the most stabilized copper ore, due to its structural configuration [1, 2].It is mostly found in association with pyrite (FeS 2), bornite (Cu 5 FeS 4), sphalerite (ZnS), …
Chalcocite is the most abundant secondary copper sulfide globally, with the highest copper content, and is easily treated by conventional hydrometallurgical processes, making it a very profitable mineral for extraction. Among the various leaching processes to treat chalcocite, chloride media show better results and have a greater industrial boom. …
The effect of passivation is more pronounced in the case of chalcopyrite (CuFeS 2) as compared to the other ... characterized an aggregate containing C, Mg, Si, Ca, S, Mn, Fe, O, and Fe. Copper is mostly in the form of covellite, chalcocite, and chalcopyrite. ... A review on novel techniques for chalcopyrite ore processing. Int J …
It has good selectivity and ing properties for chalcopyrite. Compared with xanthate and No. 2 oil, it can reduce the cost of chemicals and improve the mineral processing index. YK1-11: Preferential copper selection collector. Ester-105: It has selectivity and ing property to reduce the cost of reagents and improve the mineral …
Figures 3.2 and 3.42 (Chapter 3) show other views of golden pyrite. Chalcopyrite, in contrast with pyrite, contains copper and easily tarnishes – often to a yellow-green color. The photo of chalcopyrite below (Figure 9.33) shows multiple colors due to tarnishing. Figures 3.22 and 3.43 (Chapter 3) also show tarnished chalcopyrite.
The kinetic studies of xanthate ions adsorption on chalcopyrite are conducted in the temperature range of 278–293 K. The effect of the contact time on the adsorption of xanthate ion in the concentration range of 5.00×10 −5 –1.00×10 −3 M is shown in Fig. 1. It can be seen from the figure that in all the cases, the equilibrium is ...
Abstract Chalcopyrite ores are usually processed by means of hydrometallurgical or pyrometallurgical processes, but due to environmental aspects and the possibility of increased exploitation of mixed and lower grade ores and relatively small isolated deposits, there has been a worldwide upsurge of interest in the hydrometallurgical processes of …
The copper isotope values of sedimentary copper/red bed and supergene enrichment chalcocite are caused by redox reactions associated with the dissolution and transport of copper, whereas the tighter range of copper isotope values for hypogene minerals is associated with processes active with equilibrium conditions. 1. The Importance of …
Copper can be found in more than 200 minerals, but only about 10% of this occurs in the form of sulphide minerals (e.g., chalcopyrite, bornite and chalcocite) or oxidized …
Some common copper ore minerals include: Chalcopyrite: Chalcopyrite (CuFeS2) is the most common and widespread copper ore mineral. It typically appears as brassy yellow or golden-colored crystals …
Finally, current ore processing, metal extraction and E-wastes recycling technologies remain ill-equipped to efficiently handle lower grade porphyry ores, "dirty" concentrates and more complex E-wastes. ... bornite, chalcocite, chalcopyrite, colusite, covellite, digenite, enargite*, Luzonite*, tennantite*/ tetrahedrite** ...
3. Samples and Analytical Methods. The copper mineralization extends vertically for at least 100 m. The mineralization is broadly coincident with a potassic alteration zone and consists of chalcopyrite-bornite-chalcocite either finely disseminated or forming stockwork veinlets (Figure 4).The source of metals for the 109 porphyry deposits …
With the decline in ore grades and depletion of easily mined deposits, some complex ores with relatively small reserves need to be taken seriously. Bornite is one of the most important copper resources (following chalcopyrite and chalcocite) and the commonly associates in copper mines.
Figure 1. Variations of (A) cell density and (B) pH during chalcopyrite bioleaching at 6°C. MHJ, bioleaching by the mixed culture. H 2 SO 4 (9.2 M) was added to the leaching solution to maintain the pH at ∼2.5 from day 4 to 16 for the bioleaching systems, and from day 4 to 20 for the abiotic control. For each bioleaching system, a …
extracted from the ore by means of flotation separation, extractive metallurgy or leaching. Figure 2. World Trend in (SX -solvent extraction) capacities from 1985 – 2005 (Rotuska and Chimjeleniki, 2008) 1.2.1.Flotation Separation . Valuable mineral in an ore such as chalcopyrite ore can be separated from each other and from worthless gauge
We report the investigation of a chalcopyrite leaching process that implements millimeter-sized glass beads that are stirred in the leach reactor to combine particle grinding, mechanical activation, and surface removal of reaction products. The paper focuses on demonstrating the impact of the so-called attrition-leaching phenomenon on the leaching …
Bornite and chalcocite present an interesting study because when measured against the standard hydrogen electrode (SHE), there is a small difference in rest potential; bornite has a potential of 0 ...
1. Introduction. Copper is an important metal used in many aspects of people's lives, but there is an imbalance between its supply and demand [1].Medd [2], [3] investigated the global copper resource data and reported that the estimated Cu mineral reserves and mineral resources increased with an increase in global copper production. However, the …
Due to the formation of Fe 2+ and Cu 2+ during the leaching process, chalcopyrite will also be reduced to chalcocite (Cu 2 S). Compared with chalcopyrite, …
Globally, copper, silver, and gold orebody grades have been dropping, and the mineralogy surrounding them has become more diversified and complex. The cyanidation process for gold production has remained dominant for over 130 years because of its selectivity and feasibility in the mining industry. For this reason, the industry has …
This acid is utilized in the leaching process, thus decreasing the amount of acid required to leach the ore. Ammonia-oxygen systems have also been investigated when basic gangue constituents are present in the ore. Leaching of chalcopyrite ore has been scaled up to tests involving over 6 tons of minus 15.2-cm (6-inch) ore.
Hydrometallurgical processing can be effectively applied to oxidized ores containing CuO, Cu 2 O, carbonate and some silicates and rarely for sulphide ore with chalcocite and covellite as predominant copper mineral (King, 2007; Stevanovic et al. …
In addition to the sulfides mentioned above, pentlandite [(Fe,Ni) 9 S 8] and its alteration product, violarite (FeNi 2 S 4), are important as the major ore minerals of nickel; bornite (Cu 5 FeS 4) and chalcocite (Cu 2 S) as major copper minerals; and molybdenite (MoS 2) is the primary source of molybdenum.
A key conclusion is that chalcopyrite dissolves by oxidn. of the disulfide phase that forms rapidly on freshly fractured chalcopyrite surfaces and also persists on leached chalcopyrite surfaces. Oxidn. of the disulfide phase …
Chalcocite is formed either as a primary vein mineral or, more typically, in supergene deposits where it forms as a result of the redeposition of copper from the breakdown of minerals such as chalcopyrite or bornite. Chalcocite is distinguished with difficulty from digenite (Cu9S5) and djurleite (Cu31S16), both of which may form by the leaching of …
Chalcocite, although scarce, is still found as a primary mineral and has proved to be one of the most profitable copper ores to mine as it produces copper concentrates ranging from 37% to 40% compared, for example, to chalcopyrite which ranges from 20% to 30% . As the two minerals are associated in deposits as primary and …
Due to the formation of Fe 2+ and Cu 2+ during the leaching process, chalcopyrite will also be reduced to chalcocite (Cu 2 S). Compared with chalcopyrite, Cu 2 S is more likely to be oxidized by Fe 3+, which is the reason why the copper leaching rate increases at a low potential of 560 ~ 600 mV (SHE) .