The Major Epochs and Phases of Manganese Accumulation in the Earth…
The manganese ores here are represented by manganese (braunite) lutites, which in the vertical section are underlain and overlain by banded ferruginous (hematite) siliceous shales. ... During the Late Mesozoic-Cenozoic manganese-ore period were formed the deposits of the Eastern Paratethys (see Fig. 4.1, phase 7). These include …